Chapter 9: Social Movements and Interest Groups

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Annotated Internet References

The Brookings Institution (www.brook.edu) is a think tank that provides scholarly reports and in-depth research on domestic and international sources affecting U.S. foreign policy. Specific attention is given to the role of private companies in defense, trade, environment, and energy policy.

The CATO Institute (www.cato.org) founded in 1977, is a non-profit public policy research foundation named for Cato's Letters, a series of libertarian pamphlets that helped lay the philosophical foundation for the American Revolution. The Cato Institute seeks to broaden the parameters of public policy debate to allow consideration of the traditional American principles of limited government, individual liberty, free markets and peace.

The Center for Defense Information (www.cdi.org) publishes reports and statistics on defense and security policies, which include information on interest groups and private companies involved in U.S. foreign policy. In particular, the center focuses on U.S. arms sales/trade, missile defense, defense projects and budgets, and nuclear issues.

The Center for Responsive Politics (www.opensecrets.org) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit research center focusing on researching the connection between campaign donations and elections. The center compiles donor and recipient financial statistics, which can be used to support research on specific candidates, industries, sectors, parties, and elections.

The Council on Foreign Relations (www.cfr.org) founded in 1921, is an independent, national membership organization and a nonpartisan center for scholars dedicated to producing and disseminating ideas so that individual and corporate members, as well as policymakers, journalists, students, and interested citizens in the United States and other countries, can better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other governments.

The directory of think tanks (www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/frames/psthinfr.html), a University of Michigan Web site, offers links to think tanks and working-papers journals inside the United States and around the globe. The links are organized both alphabetically and by political ideology.

The directory of U.S. lobbyists (www.csuchico.edu/~kcfount) provided by California State University, Chico, has links to a variety of issue advocacy groups. Of particular interest to U.S. foreign policy are links for peace and war, the environment, international affairs, and political parties.

The Federation of American Scientists (www.fas.org) is a research group focused on science issues at home and abroad. Today, FAS continues its exemplary 60-year record of achieving meaningful results in strategic security with research and education projects in nuclear arms control and global security; conventional arms transfers; proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; information technology for human health; and government information policy.

Foreign Policy in Focus (www.fpif.org) is a “think tank without walls,” which explores citizen-based foreign-policy issues. Researchers compose short policy briefs on U.S. foreign-policy issues and global involvement such as trade, energy, environment, security, human rights, and labor. The site focuses on the connection between private actors and the government.

The Global Policy Forum (www.globalpolicy.org) is a center that integrates information and research on globalization, security issues, and the United Nations. The Global Policy Forum is an NGO itself and focuses on UN and state accountability along with the promotion of international peace and justice.

The NGO Global Network (www.ngo.org) tracks and analyzes NGOs with UN consultative status. This site has links for NGOs around the globe, organized by their mission and category of operation.

The Progressive Policy Institute (www.ppionline.org) is a think tank that examines technological innovation, rather than ideology, as it relates to government policy. Of particular interest are research projects on national defense and homeland security, foreign policy, trade and global markets, and energy and the environment.

Project Vote Smart (www.vote-smart.org) is a nonpartisan group focusing on connecting democratic values with complete information about candidates, interest groups, and political parties. Project Vote Smart offers information on voting records, interest groups, issue positions, and biographical information of elected officials.

Additional Links of Interest

American Foreign Policy Interests (www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10803920.asp)

Congressional Research Service Reports (www.fas.org/sgp/crs/index.html)

CQ Weekly (www.cq.com)

Foreign Affairs (www.foreignaffairs.org)

Foreign Policy (www.foreignpolicy.com)

Foreign Policy Analysis (http://fpa.tamu.edu/)

International Interactions (www.vanderbilt.edu/psci/iij/iiweb.htm)

International Studies Quarterly (www.isq.unt.edu/)

Journal of Policy Analysis and Management (www.appam.org/services/jpam/jpam_about.html)

Journal of Politics (http://journalofpolitics.org/)

Journal of Public Policy (http://titles.cambridge.org/journals/)

National Journal (http://nationaljournal.com/)

Political Research Quarterly (www.prq.uncc.edu)

PS: Political Science and Politics (www.apsanet.org/PS/)

Suggested Readings Cited in Chapter 9

Ambrosio, Thomas, ed. 2002. Ethnic Identity Groups and U.S. Foreign Policy. Westport, Conn.: Praeger.

Armstrong, Jerome, and Markos M. Zuniga. 2006. Crashing the Gate: Netroots, Grassroots, and the Rise of People-Powered Politics. White River, Vermont: Chelsea Green.

Berrios, Ruben. 2000. Contracting for Development: The Role for Non-Profit Contractors in U.S. Foreign Development Assistance. Westport, Conn.: Praeger.

Bond, Michael. 2000. “The Backlash Against NGOs.” Prospect (April). Available http://www.globalpolicy.org/ngos/backlash.htm .

Burkhalter, Holly. 2004. “The Politics of Aids: Engaging Conservative Activists.” Foreign Affairs 83 (1): 8-14.

Carroll, James. 2006. House of War: The Pentagon and the Disasterous Rise of American Power. Houghton Mifflin.

Crossley, Nick. 2002. Making Sense of Social Movements. Open University Press.

Fineman, Howard. 2003. “Bush and God. A Higher Calling.” Newsweek, March 10, 22–31.

Haney, Patrick J., and Walt Vanderbush. 1999. “The Role of Ethnic Groups in U.S. Foreign Policy: The Case of the Cuban American National Foundation.” International Studies Quarterly 43 (June): 341–361.

Huntington, Samuel P. 2004. “The Hispanic Challenge.” Foreign Policy (March–April): 30–45.

Keck, Margaret E., and Kathryn Sikkink. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Korey, William. 1999. “Human Rights NGOs: The Power of Persuasion.” Ethics and International Affairs 13 (Winter): 151–174.

Mathews, Jessica T. 1997. “Power Shift.” Foreign Affairs 76 (January–February): 50–67.

Mayer, Jane. 2004 “Contract Sport: What Did the Vice-President Do for Halliburton?” The New Yorker, February 16 and 23, 80–89.

McGann, James, and Mary Johnstone. 2005. “The Power Shift and the NGO Credibility Crisis.” Brown Journal of World Affairs 11 (2): 159-172.

Mearsheimer, John, and Stephen Walt. 2006. “The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy.” Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Working Paper Number: RWP06-011.

Meyer, David S. and Catherine Corrigall-Brown. 2005. “Anti-War Coalitions in an Era of Globalization.” Mobilization. 10 (3): 327-344.

Peterson, Mark. A. 2004. “Bush and Interest Groups: A Government of Chums.” In The George W. Bush Presidency: Appraisals and Prospects, ed. Colin Campbell and Bert A. Rockman, 226–264. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.

Rich, Andrew. 2004. Think Tanks, Public Policy, and the Politics of Expertise. Cambridge University Press.

Rutherford, Kenneth R. 2000. “The Evolving Arms Control Agenda: Implications of the Role of NGOs in Banning Antipersonnel Landmines.” World Politics 53 (October): 74–114.

Simmons, P. J. 1998. “Learning to Live with NGOs.” Foreign Policy (Fall): 82–96.

Singer, P. W. 2003. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Uslaner, Eric M. 2002. “Cracks in the Armor? Interest Groups and Foreign Policy.” In Interest Group Politics, 6th ed., ed. Allan J. Cigler and Burdett A. Loomis, 355-377. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.

Weinstein, Michael M., and Steve Charnovitz. 2001. “The Greening of the WTO.” Foreign Affairs 80 (November–December): 147–156.

Suggested Readings Following the Themes of Chapter 9

Aldrich, John H. 1995. Why Parties? The Origin and Transformation of Party Politics in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Baumgartner, Frank R., and Beth L. Leech. 1998. Basic Interests: The Importance of Groups in Politics and in Political Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Brown, Bernard E. 2001. “What Is the New Diplomacy?” American Foreign Policy Interests 23 (1): 3–22.

Dershowitz, Alan. 2006. “Debunking the Newest – and Oldest – Jewish Conspiracy: A Reply to the Mearsheimer-Walt Working Paper,” Harvard Law School (April): www.ksg.harvard.edu/research/working_paers/dershowitzreply.pdf.

Dietrich, John. 1999. “Interest Groups and Foreign Policy: Clinton and the China MFN Debate.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 29 (2): 280–296.

Fordham, Benjamin O., and Timothy J. McKeown. 2003. “Selection and Influence: Interest Groups and Congressional Voting on Trade Policy.” International Organization 57 (3): 519–549.

Gareffi, Gary, Ronie Garcia-Johnson, and Erika Sasser. 2001. “The NGO-Industrial Complex.” Foreign Policy 125 (July–August): 67–73.

Grossman, Gene M., and Elhanan Helpman. 2002. Interest Groups and Trade Policy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Krenn, Michael L. 1999. The African American Voice in U.S. Foreign Policy Since World War II. New York: Garland.

Leonard, Mark. 2002. “Diplomacy by Other Means.” Foreign Policy 132 (September–October): 48–53.

Risse-Kappen, Thomas, ed. 1995. Bringing Transnational Relations Back In: Non-state Actors, Domestic Structures, and International Institutions. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Rutherford, Kenneth. 2001. “Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) and International Politics in Twenty-First Century.” American Foreign Policy Interests 23 (1): 23–30.

Saideman, Stephen M. 2002. “The Power of the Small: The Impact of Ethnic Minorities on Foreign Policy.” SAIS Review 22 (2): 93–105.

Silverstein, Ken. 2000. Private Warriors. New York: Verso.

Simpson, Brad. 2004. “Solidarity in the Age of Globalization: The Transitional Movement for East Timor and U.S. Foreign Policy.” Peace and Change 29 (3–4): 453–483.

Wilson, George. 1999. This War Really Matters: Inside the Fight for Defense Dollars. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.