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SAGE Publications

Cover Image: Split: Class and Cultural Divides in American Politics
  • Date: 08/01/2006
  • Format: Print Paperback
  • Price: $28.00
  • ISBN: 978-0-87289-298-9
  • Pages: 186
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Split: Class and Cultural Divides in American Politics
Mark D. Brewer, University of Maine
Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Syracuse University


Talk of politics in the United States today is abuzz with warring red and blue factions. The message is that Americans are split due to deeply-held beliefs—over abortion, gay marriage, stem-cell research, prayer in public schools. Is this cultural divide a myth, the product of elite partisans? Or is the split real?

Yes, argue authors Mark Brewer and Jeffrey Stonecash—the cultural divisions are real. Yet they tell only half the story. Differences in income and economic opportunity also fuel division—a split along class lines. Cultural issues have not displaced class issues, as many believe. Split shows that both divisions coexist meaning that levels of taxation and the quality of healthcare matter just as much as the debate over the right to life versus the right to choose.

The authors offer balanced, objective analysis, complete with a wealth of data-rich figures and tables, to explain the social trends underlying these class and cultural divides and then explore the response of the parties and voters. Offering solid empirical evidence, the authors show that how politicians, the media, and interest groups perceive citizen preferences—be they cultural or class based—determines whether or not the public gets what it wants. Simply put, each set of issues creates political conflict and debate that produce very different policies and laws. With a lively and highly readable narrative, students at every level will appreciate the brevity and punch of Split and come away with a more nuanced understanding of the divisions that drive the current American polity.

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Table of Contents

1. DIVISIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS
The Central Issues—Class and Culture
Why Interpretations Matter
The Puzzling State of Interpretations

The Great Depression and Class Divisions
Race Eclipses Class?
Displacing Class Issues?
The Emergence of Cultural Issues
Displacing Class Issues (Again)
Much Ado About Nothing: The “Myth” of a Culture War
The Concerns and Plan of the Book

2. INEQUALITY AND OPPORTUNITY IN AMERICA: GROWING DIFFERENCES
By the Numbers: Trends in Income and Wealth Inequality
Inequality and the Lives of Americans

An Education Divide
Healthcare and Pension Divides
Interpreting Inequality
Conclusion


3. PARTY AND POLICY PROPOSALS ON CLASS ISSUES
Increased Party Differences
Taxes: Battles over Revenue and Who Pays

Who Pays What?
Fighting Over What Taxes Should Be
Differing Party Interpretations
Battles Over Programs
Social Security, Private Markets, and Redistribution Issues
Conclusion

4. CLASS DIVIDES IN THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
The Public's Perceptions of Inequality
The Public's Perceptions of the Parties
The Emergence of Class Divisions
Limits on Class Divisions in American Society
The Political Debate about Inequality
The Importance of Short-Term Events
Conclusion

5. THE RISE OF CULTURAL ISSUES: TRENDS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY
Religion in Schools
Sex Education
Sex in Popular Media
Abortion
The Role of Women in Society
The American Family
Homosexual Rights
Conclusion

6. Party and Policy Proposals on Cultural Issues
Party Platforms
Congressional Action

ERA
School Prayer
Abortion
Homosexual Rights
Presidential Politics
Presidential Cues to a Culture Divide
Acceptance Speeches and Other Cues
Conclusion

7. CULTURAL DIVIDES IN THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
Mass Recognition of Elite Changes
Cultural Issues and Electoral Behavior
Religion, Cultural Issues, and American Electoral Behavior

Religious Traditions and Political Divisions in America
Cultural Issues and a New Religious Cleavage
Conclusion

8. THE DUAL DIVISIONS OF CLASS AND CULTURE
A More Conservative Nation?
Concern with Economic Issues
Adding New Issues to Existing Ones

Building Party Coalitions
The Evolving Relationship of Class and Culture to Partisan Choice
Class, Abortion, and Voting Pattern Dynamics
Class, Gays, and Voting Pattern Dynamics
Opposing Interpretations

Testimonials

"This book is well-written, well-organized, and well-argued. It raises questions about the bases of contemporary American politics that are always important but that speak especially well to current debates about the existence of a culture war. It answers these questions through solid social science. Split will provoke engaging and informed discussions in classrooms across the country. I look forward to using it in my own."

- Ted Brader, University of Michigan

"Brewer and Stonecash offer a cogent, sophisticated, and accessible investigation of two competing perspectives on the motive force in American politics: socio-economic class and culture. The authors’ conclusion—that both class and culture matter in American politics—is persuasive. This book will be of great value to scholars, journalists, and students."

- John C. Green, University of Akron

"Brewer and Stonecash have done an excellent job of presenting an objective narrative in Split. Both conservative and liberal perspectives are presented on both class-related and cultural issues, and the accompanying discussion is very fair and balanced. The work is engaging and a good mix between readable, descriptive prose and visual usage of figures and tables. Finally, I believe that students will like the material. Cultural issues, in particular, are ones that students often find engaging, as they are the ones that most pique their interests."

- Jeffery A. Jenkins, Northwestern University

"The questions Brewer and Stonecash address in Split are fundamental, relating to changes in the kinds of issues and preferences that shape the voting behavior of Americans and hence what American politics is about. This book is timely and well-organized. Students will not only find the substance interesting, but it is also written at a level and in a style and tone that will not put them off. Its length is just right for a supplemental text, and I expect the book will be assigned in a wide variety of undergraduate courses."

- William Claggett, Florida State University
Bio(s)
Mark D. Brewer, University of Maine

Mark D. Brewer is assistant professor of political science at the University of Maine, where he teaches courses in American government, parties and elections, and religion and politics. His research focuses on partisanship and electoral behavior at the mass and elite levels, the linkages between public opinion and public policy, and the interactions between religion and politics in the United States. Brewer is the author of Relevant No More? The Catholic/Protestant Divide in American Electoral Politics (2003), coauthor of Diverging Parties (2003), and has published articles in Political Research Quarterly, Political Behavior, Legislative Studies Quarterly, and Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion.



Jeffrey M. Stonecash, Syracuse University

Jeffrey M. Stonecash is professor and chair of the political science department at Syracuse University, where he teaches courses on American political parties, federalism and state politics, and quantitative methods. His research is in the area of political parties and their electoral bases, changes over time in electoral bases and their impact on the nature of political debates in society. Stonecash is the author or coauthor of Political Parties Matter: Realignment and the Return of Partisan Voting (2006), Political Polling (2003), The Emergence of State Government: Parties and New Jersey Politics, 1950-2000 (2002), Diverging Parties (2003), and Class and Party in American Politics, (2000), as well as editor of Governing New York State (2006).

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