"After a long period of neglect, political scientists are again noticing identity politics. Hoover's book is beautifully written, brief by comprehensive, and appropriate for a wide range of undergraduate courses. Most impressive, Hoover links micro-level processes (human development and the construction of individual identities) with macro-politics (the formation and maintenance of organized systems of power), examining, among other topics, gender, multiculturalism, and the sources and consequences of democracy and authoritarianism."

—Alec Stone Sweet
Univeristy of California, Irvine

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Preface

Part 1. Identity, Power, and Authority

1. Why Identity?
Identity and Systems of Power
Identity among Other Concepts

2. Identity Formation in Theory and Practice
Identity Formation: Learning from Observation
The Foundations of Identity: Erikson's Theory of Human Development
The Making of Identity: Competence and Integrity
Feminist Critiques of Erikson: Anatomy and Gender
The Making of Identity: Mutuality
Operational Aspects of Identity: Competence, Integrity, and Mutuality

3. The Political Pathologies of Identity Formation
Exploitation, Pseudo Speciation, and Negative Identities
Identity: Foreclosur, Diffusion, and Authoritarianism
Tolerance and Democracy
Conclusion: Identity and the State in Perspective

4. Identity and Human Development
Individualists versus Developmentalists
Identity Analysis and Identity Politics
Competence: Identity and the Market
Integrity: Developing Shared Meanings
Mutuality: Politics in the Affirmative
Conclusion: The Uses of Identity Analysis

5. Identity, Multiculturalism, and Conflict Resolution
Identity, Multiculturalism, and Democracy
The Indigenous and the Universal
Morality and Identity
Ideology, Identity Analysis, and Multiculturalism

6. Democracy and Human Development
Democracy as Social Learning
Power and Authority in Governance
Coercion and the Pathologies of Identity
Democracy: Participation for the Sake of Human Development
Public Policy: Ventures in Human Development

Part 2. Identity and Politics: Evidence and Application

7. Ego Identity: Research Review, by James Marcia
Personality Characteristics of the Identity Statuses
General Personality Characteristics
Independence of External Pressure
Ego Development
Cognitive Performance and Cognitive Style
Formal Operational Thinking and Identity Development
Interactive Styles
Developmental Aspects of the Identity Statuses
Childhood Antecedents
Middle and Late Adolescence
College
Noncollege Youths
Adult Consquences of Intial Identity Formation
Gender Differences in Identity Formation
The Meaning of the Identity Statuses for Men and Women
Sex Roles and Identity
Cross-Cultural Research

8. Renegotiating Chinese Identity: Between Local Group and National Ideology, by Kristen Parris
Center and Locality in China
The Roots of Group Identity in Wenzhou
Wenzhou as a Negative Identity
The Wenzhou Model as a Positive Identity
The New Wenzhou Narrative
Wenzhou Identity and Emergent Class Interests
Conclusion: Local Group Identity and National Transformation

Appendix: Erikson's Chart of Epigenetic Human Development

Index